Personalities like Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Ji are rare in history; Guru Sahib’s life, sacrifice, and character remain a profound source of inspiration; During the era of Mughal invasions, Guru Sahib established the ideal of courage and valor: PM
The tradition of our Gurus forms the foundation of our nation’s character, our culture, and our core spirit: PM
Some time ago, when three original forms of Guru Granth Sahib arrived in India from Afghanistan, it became a moment of pride for every citizen: PM
Our government has endeavoured to connect every sacred site of the Gurus with the vision of modern India and has carried out these efforts with utmost devotion, drawing inspiration from the glorious tradition of the Gurus: PM
We all know how the Mughals crossed every limit of cruelty even with the brave Sahibzadas, The Sahibzadas accepted being bricked alive, yet never abandoned their duty or the path of faith, In honor of these ideals, we now observe Veer Bal Diwas every year on December 26: PM
Last month, as part of a sacred journey, the revered ‘Jore Sahib’ of Guru Maharaj were carried from Delhi to Patna Sahib. There, I too was blessed with the opportunity to bow my head before these holy relics: PM
Drug addiction has pushed the dreams of many of our youth into deep challenges, The government is making every effort to eradicate this problem from its roots,this is also a battle of society and of families: PM

Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi addressed an event commemorating the 350th Shaheedi Diwas of Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Ji at Kurukshetra in Haryana today. Speaking on the occasion, the Prime Minister remarked that today has come as a remarkable confluence of India’s heritage. He highlighted that in the morning he was in Ayodhya, the city of the Ramayana, and now he is in Kurukshetra, the city of the Gita. He stated that all are paying homage to Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Ji on the occasion of his 350th martyrdom day. The Prime Minister acknowledged the presence of saints and the respected congregation at the event and expressed his reverent salutations to all.

Recalling that 5–6 years ago another remarkable coincidence had taken place, Shri Modi highlighted that on 9 November 2019, when the Supreme Court delivered its verdict on the Ram Mandir, he was at Dera Baba Nanak for the inauguration of the Kartarpur Corridor. The Prime Minister remarked that on that day he was praying for the path of Ram Mandir’s construction to be cleared and for the aspirations of crores of Ram devotees to be fulfilled. He stated that the prayers of all were answered as the verdict in favor of the Ram Mandir was delivered on the same day. The Prime Minister noted that now, when the Dharma Dhwaja has been established in Ayodhya, he has once again received the opportunity to seek blessings from the Sikh Sangat.

Shri Modi stated that a short while ago the ‘Panchajanya Memorial’ was inaugurated on the land of Kurukshetra. He highlighted that it was on this very soil that Lord Shri Krishna declared the protection of truth and justice to be the highest duty. Reciting Krishna’s words, Shri Modi said that giving one’s life for the path of truth and for one’s duty is supreme. He remarked that Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Ji too considered the defense of truth, justice, and faith as his dharma, and he upheld this dharma by sacrificing his life. On this historic occasion, the Government of India has had the privilege of dedicating a commemorative postage stamp and a special coin at the feet of Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Ji. The Prime Minister expressed his wish that the government continues to serve the Guru tradition in this manner.

The Prime Minister remarked that the sacred land of Kurukshetra is an important center of Sikh tradition. He highlighted that almost all Gurus of the Sikh tradition visited this land during their holy journeys. He recalled that when the Ninth Guru, Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Ji, came to this sacred soil, he left a profound imprint of deep penance and fearless courage.

“Personalities like Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Ji are rare in history, and his life, sacrifice, and character remain a great source of inspiration”, emphasised Shri Modi. He emphasized that during the period of Mughal invasions, Guru Sahib set an ideal of bravery. The Prime Minister noted that before the martyrdom of Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Ji, Kashmiri Hindus were being forcibly converted to Islam by the Mughal aggressors. In this crisis, a group of the oppressed sought the support of Guru Sahib. The Prime Minister recalled that Guru Sahib had told them to clearly convey to Aurangzeb that if Sri Guru Teg Bahadur himself accepted Islam, then they too would adopt the religion.

Shri Modi stated that these words reflect the pinnacle of Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Ji’s fearlessness. He remarked that what was feared eventually happened, as the cruel Aurangzeb ordered Guru Sahib to be taken prisoner, but Guru Sahib himself declared his decision to go to Delhi. The Prime Minister highlighted that the Mughal rulers tried to lure him with temptations, yet Sri Guru Teg Bahadur remained steadfast and refused to compromise on his faith and principles. He emphasized that in order to break his resolve and divert him from his path, the Mughals brutally executed his three companions — Bhai Dayala Ji, Bhai Sati Das Ji, and Bhai Mati Das Ji — before his eyes. The Prime Minister noted that even then Guru Sahib remained unwavering, his determination unbroken. He underscored that Guru Sahib did not abandon the path of dharma and, in a state of deep meditation, sacrificed his head in defense of faith.

The Prime Minister remarked that the Mughals did not stop there, as they attempted to dishonor the sacred head of Guru Maharaj. He highlighted that Bhai Jaita Ji, through his valor, carried the Guru’s head to Anandpur Sahib. The Prime Minister recalled the words of Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji, meaning that the sacred tilak of faith was preserved, that people’s beliefs were protected from oppression, and for this Guru Sahib sacrificed everything.

Highlighting that today, the very land of Guru Sahib’s sacrifice stands as Delhi’s Sis Ganj Gurudwara, a living site of inspiration, Shri Modi emphasized that the pilgrimage of Anandpur Sahib is the power center of our national consciousness. The Prime Minister noted that the very form of India that remains today embodies the sacrifice and dedication of epochal figures like Guru Sahib. He underscored that it is because of this supreme sacrifice that Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Sahib is revered as ‘Hind Di Chadar’.

“The tradition of our Gurus forms the foundation of the nation’s character, culture, and core spirit”, exclaimed Shri Modi, expressing satisfaction that in the past 11 years the government has established these sacred traditions and every Sikh celebration as national festivals. The Prime Minister highlighted that their Government had the privilege of celebrating the 550th Prakash Parv of Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji, the 400th Prakash Parv of Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Sahib Ji, and the 350th Prakash Parv of Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji as festivals of India’s unity and integrity. He noted that people across the country, rising above their faiths, traditions, and beliefs, have participated in these celebrations.

Underscoring that their Government has had the privilege of giving the sacred sites associated with the Gurus the most magnificent and divine form, Shri Modi highlighted that over the past decade there have been many occasions when he personally became part of events linked to the Guru tradition. The Prime Minister recalled that some time ago, when three original forms of the Guru Granth Sahib arrived in India from Afghanistan, it became a moment of pride for every citizen.

Emphasising that the government has sought to connect every pilgrimage site of the Gurus with the vision of modern India, Shri Modi further noted that whether it was completing the work of the Kartarpur Corridor, constructing the ropeway project at Hemkund Sahib, or expanding the Virasat-e-Khalsa Museum at Anandpur Sahib, all these tasks have been undertaken with full devotion, keeping the glorious tradition of the Gurus as the guiding ideal.

Pointing out that everyone knows how the Mughals crossed all limits of cruelty even with the brave Sahibzadas, the Prime Minister highlighted that the Sahibzadas accepted being bricked alive but did not abandon their duty or the path of faith. The Prime Minister stated that in honor of these ideals, every year on 26 December, Veer Bal Diwas is observed. He emphasized that the government has also included the history of the Sikh tradition and the teachings of the Gurus in the national curriculum so that the ideals of service, courage, and truth become the foundation of the thinking of the new generation.

The Prime Minister expressed confidence that everyone must have had the sacred darshan of the ‘Joda Sahib’. He recalled that the first time his cabinet colleague and Union Minister, Shri Hardeep Singh Puri discussed these important relics with him, he had mentioned that his family had preserved the holy ‘Joda Sahib’ of Guru Gobind Singh Ji and Mata Sahib Kaur Ji for nearly three hundred years. Shri Modi highlighted that now this sacred heritage was being dedicated to the Sikh community across the nation and the world. He stated that thereafter, the holy ‘Joda Sahib’ underwent scientific examination with full respect and dignity so that it could be preserved for future generations. Taking all facts into account, the collective decision was made to dedicate the sacred ‘Joda Sahib’ to Takht Shri Patna Sahib, where Guru Maharaj spent a significant part of his childhood. The Prime Minister remarked that last month, as part of a sacred journey, the revered ‘Joda Sahib’ were carried from Delhi to Patna Sahib, and there he too had the opportunity to bow his head before them. He considered it the special grace of the Gurus that he was granted this chance of service, dedication, and connection with this sacred heritage.

Noting that the memory of Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Sahib Ji teaches us how vast, generous, and humanity-centered India’s culture has been, Shri Modi highlighted that Guru Sahib validated the mantra of Sarbat da Bhala through his life. The Prime Minister stated that today’s event is not only a moment to honor these memories and lessons but also an important inspiration for our present and future. He recalled Guru Sahib’s teaching, meaning that one who remains steadfast even in adverse circumstances is the true wise one and the true seeker. The Prime Minister emphasized that with this inspiration we must overcome every challenge and take our nation forward, making India developed. He noted that Guru Sahib also taught us that we should neither frighten anyone nor live in fear of anyone. He remarked that this fearlessness strengthens society and the nation, and today India too walks on this principle. The Prime Minister underscored that India speaks of fraternity to the world while also defending its borders. He stated that while India desires peace, it never compromises on its security, with Operation Sindoor being the greatest example. Shri Modi affirmed that the whole world has witnessed that the new India neither fears, nor stops, nor bows before terrorism. He added that today’s India is moving forward with full strength, courage, and clarity.

The Prime Minister remarked that on this important occasion he wished to speak on a subject concerning society and youth, which was also a matter of concern for Guru Sahib — the issue of addiction and drugs. He highlighted that the habit of addiction has pushed the dreams of many young people into deep challenges. The Prime Minister stated that the government is making every effort to eradicate this problem from its roots, but emphasized that it is also a battle for society and families. He noted that at such a time, the teachings of Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Sahib serve both as inspiration and as a solution. The Prime Minister recalled that when Guru Sahib began his journey from Anandpur Sahib, he connected numerous villages with the Sangat, expanding their devotion and faith while also transforming the conduct of society. He remarked that the people of these villages abandoned all forms of intoxicant cultivation and dedicated their future at the feet of Guru Sahib. Shri Modi emphasized that by following the path shown by Guru Maharaj, if society, families, and youth together wage a decisive battle against addiction, this problem can be eradicated from its roots.

The Prime Minister remarked that the teachings of Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Sahib should become the foundation of peace in our conduct, balance in our policies, and trust in our society, and this is the essence of the occasion. He highlighted that the manner in which the martyrdom day of Sri Guru Teg Bahadur is being observed across the country reflects how alive the Gurus’ teachings remain in the consciousness of society even today. The Prime Minister concluded by emphasising that with this spirit, these celebrations should serve as meaningful inspiration for the youth to take India forward and extended his greetings to all once again.

Governor of Haryana, Prof. Ashim Kumar Ghosh, Chief Minister of Haryana, Shri Nayab Singh Saini, Union Ministers, Shri Manohar Lal, Shri Rao Inderjit Singh, Shri Krishna Pal were present among other dignitaries at the event.


Background

Prime Minister inaugurated the newly constructed ‘Panchjanya’, constructed in honour of the sacred conch of Lord Krishna. Thereafter, he will visit the Mahabharata Anubhav Kendra, an immersive experiential centre where installations depict significant episodes from the Mahabharata, highlighting its enduring cultural and spiritual significance.

Prime Minister further participated in a special programme commemorating the 350th Shaheedi Diwas of Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Ji, the revered ninth Sikh Guru. During the programme, the Prime Minister released a special Coin and Commemorative stamp marking the 350th Shaheedi Diwas of revered Guru. To honour the 350th Shaheedi Diwas of Guru Teg Bahadur, the Government of India is observing a year-long commemoration.

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India-Italy Joint Declaration
May 20, 2026

At the invitation of the President of the Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic, Giorgia Meloni, the Prime Minister of India, Shri Narendra Modi, paid an official visit to Italy on 19-20 May 2026. The visit, following Prime Minister Modi’s visit to Italy in June 2024 for the G7 Summit and Prime Minister Meloni’s visit to India for the G20 Summit in 2023, provided renewed momentum to the bilateral ties. The two leaders decided to elevate India-Italy relations to the level of a Special Strategic Partnership.

Political Dialogue

The two Prime Ministers welcomed the strong momentum of high-level exchanges and agreed to hold annual meetings of leaders including on the sidelines of multilateral events, as well as regular Ministerial and institutional-level meetings.

They appreciated the concrete progress achieved across the diverse pillars of the Joint Strategic Action Plan 2025-2029 adopted by the two leaders in their meeting during the G20 Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in November 2024. They agreed to establish Foreign Ministers-led mechanism to review the India-Italy Joint Strategic Action Plan 2025-29 and provide strategic guidance to India-Italy Special Strategic Partnership.

Economic Cooperation and Investments

Both leaders expressed satisfaction at the growing dynamism of bilateral economic and industrial cooperation, with three high level business fora held since the last year. Building on the opportunities arising from India’s rapid and consistent economic growth and the successful conclusion of the negotiations for the EU–India Free Trade Agreement, they reaffirmed the shared objective of expanding bilateral trade in both direction with aim to reach to € 20 billion by 2029.

They welcomed the increase of bilateral investments in key sectors and encouraged the respective industries to forge industrial and technology partnerships in order to build resilient supply chains. They welcomed the prospect of greater investments, particularly in textiles, clean technologies, semiconductors, automotive, energy, tourism, pharmaceuticals and medical technologies, digital technologies, critical raw materials, steel, ports and infrastructure. They encouraged industries to utilize the policy incentives and schemes in place in both countries which seek to enhance business linkages and production facilities.

Both Prime Ministers agreed to encourage dialogue and cooperation among stock exchanges, investment funds, venture capital, banks, insurance companies and financial institutions.

They agreed to facilitate industrial partnerships, including between SMEs, to foster deeper integration of supply chains. They encouraged new sectoral missions in the coming months in priority areas of mutual interest.

The two Prime Ministers welcomed the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding for cooperation in Critical Minerals. They agreed to further strengthen and expand bilateral cooperation in field of critical minerals by establishing a structured framework for collaboration, with particular emphasis on sustainability and resilient supply chains. They underscored the importance of promoting joint efforts in recovery of critical minerals from unconventional sources, including electronic waste and mine tailings, as an integral component of circular economy initiatives. They also expressed satisfaction on signing of the Memorandum of Understanding for cooperation in the field of agriculture and agricultural research between respective ministries and institutions.

Connectivity

The two Prime Ministers reaffirmed their commitment to cooperate on the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC), recognising its transformational potential in reshaping and promoting global trade, connectivity and prosperity. Appreciating the preliminary discussions around the project, they encouraged the first IMEC Ministerial meeting to take concrete steps for advancing this initiative in 2026.

They welcomed the signing of an MoU on maritime transport and ports and directed their respective ministries/departments to establish a joint working group to implement the MoU at the earliest.

Science, Technology, Innovation, Start-ups and Artificial Intelligence

The two Prime Ministers reaffirmed that innovation, science and technology are core drivers of the India-Italy partnership.

They announced the creation of INNOVIT India, an innovation hub located in India aimed at strengthening cooperation between the respective innovation ecosystems, support startup acceleration programs, market access and business matching, joint research, university collaboration, and talent mobility in sectors including fintech, healthcare, semiconductors, logistics and supply chains, agritech, energy, quantum computing, and artificial intelligence. Both leaders welcomed the inaugural Science and Innovation Dialogue between Indian and Italian universities and research centres held in Delhi in April 2025 and look forward to holding its next edition in Italy later this year.

Both leaders underlined the importance of an open, free, secure, stable, accessible and peaceful ICT environment, which is an enabler for innovation and economic growth. PM Modi thanked PM Meloni for Italy’s constructive participation in the AI Impact Summit that took place on 19th February 2026 in New Delhi. Both leaders reaffirmed their commitment to a human-centric, secure, trustworthy and robust Artificial Intelligence. They agreed to collaborate in this domain including in third countries.

The two Prime Ministers placed particular emphasis on opportunities for cooperation in the field of supercomputing.

Building on the 2025–2027 Executive Program for Scientific Cooperation, they supported the implementation of joint projects and the facilitation of mobility of researchers in area of quantum technologies, renewable energy, green hydrogen and sustainable blue economy. They also welcomed the ongoing implementation of the Memorandum of Understanding for cooperation in the field of scientific research and the launching of a joint call for proposals to fund research projects.

The two Prime Ministers acknowledged the longstanding scientific collaboration between the Indian Academia and the International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) in Trieste and welcomed the signing of a Letter of Intent between the Indian Department of Science and Technology and the Elettra Sincrotrone center in Trieste, Italy in support of activities related to the access of synchrotron radiation facility at Elettra for Indian researchers.

Space

While appreciating the ongoing collaboration between Italian Space Agency and the Indian Space Research Organisation, the two leaders agreed to strengthen the partnership on Earth observation, heliophysics and space exploration, with focused thematic engagement and to explore cooperation on access to space and protection of space infrastructures. They expressed satisfaction with the recent reciprocal visits of their respective space industry delegations and looked forward to further promote commercial collaboration through exchanges of experts and joint initiatives also in third countries.

Defence

Both Prime Ministers expressed satisfaction with the deepening of defence cooperation including through Ministerial exchanges, service-to-service ties, port visits, and welcomed the adoption of a Joint Declaration of Intent and a Defence Industrial Roadmap which will promote partnerships for technological cooperation, co-production and co-development projects, including helicopters, naval platforms, marine armament and electronic warfare. They also recognized the importance of protecting critical infrastructures and their related supply chains through the strengthening of industrial resilience.

The two sides agreed to examine the feasibility of establishing an annual high level military structured dialogue, complementing the work of the Joint Defence Committee and the Military Cooperation Group, and to promote joint exercises and inter-force courses.

Both leaders agreed to launch a Dialogue on Maritime Security, with the aim of increasing maritime security cooperation, coordination, and the exchange of information and best practices in the maritime domain.

Security

The two leaders strongly condemned terrorism and violent extremism in all its forms and manifestations, including cross border terrorism. The two leaders strongly condemned the April 2025 Pahalgam terror attack and reiterated their commitment to cooperate in the fight against terrorists and terrorist groups and their affiliates including those listed in the UN Security Council 1267 Sanctions regime. They called upon all countries to continue to work towards eliminating terrorist safe havens and infrastructure, disrupting terrorist networks and combating the financing of terrorism, consistent with the Financial Action Task Force’s guidelines. Both leaders reiterated their commitment to work together at the UN, FATF and other multilateral platforms.

Both leaders welcomed the first meeting of the Permanent Task Force between India and Italy on countering the financing of terrorism and the upcoming meeting of the Joint Working Group on Counter Terrorism.

Both leaders welcomed the conclusion of an MoU between the Italian Guardia di Finanza and the Directorate of Enforcement of India and looked forward to early conclusion of the Agreement on Exchange and Mutual Protection of Classified Information and the Agreement on strengthening of Police Cooperation. They also welcomed the ongoing discussions on other agreements including Extradition Treaty and Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty.

Migration and Mobility

The two leaders agreed to enhance mobility of students, researchers and skilled workers, particularly in STEM sectors, and to expand cooperation on skills development, in line with the needs of the labour market, including through a specific Joint Declaration of Intent on the facilitation of mobility of nurses from India to Italy. In this context, they welcomed the ongoing discussions between relevant agencies on Social Security Agreement (SSA).

They welcomed the launch of "ICI - Italy Calls India: a University-Enterprise talent bridge” aimed at enhancing the talent of Indian students enrolled in Italian universities by offering concrete pathways for guidance, matching, and qualified integration into Italian enterprises.

They also discussed the possibility of strengthening the cooperation to fight against irregular migration, labour exploitation and human trafficking to ensure safe and legal migration.

Culture and Educational Exchanges

The two leaders highlighted culture as a key pillar of bilateral dialogue and welcomed the signing of an MoU regarding Italy’s participation in the development of the National Maritime Heritage Complex in Lothal. They acknowledged the Indian National Pavilion at the Venice Art Biennale in 2026. They expressed their intention to celebrate 2027 as the "Year of Culture and Tourism between Italy and India”, which will feature a broad calendar of initiatives, and pave the way to a major exhibition on ancient cultural relations between Italy and India to be co-organized by the two Ministries of Culture.

The two leaders encouraged the organization of an Italy–India Cultural Forum, bringing together institutions, experts, and representatives of the creative industries. The two leaders appreciated the launching of the twinning program between Indian and Italian sites inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List, aimed at strengthening cooperation in the protection, enhancement and management of cultural heritage.

The two leaders agreed to further develop the film and audio-visual cooperation between the two Nations, building on the strength and innovative capacities of their industries and on the legal framework provided by the bilateral co-production agreement.

The two Prime Ministers reaffirmed their intention to strengthening cooperation in higher education and welcomed the adoption of the Indo-Italian Roadmap on Higher Education and Research. Prime Minister Modi invited Italian universities and institutions of excellence to open campuses in India under India’s New Education Policy.

India-EU Relations

The Leaders welcomed the new Joint India–EU Comprehensive Strategic Agenda agreed at the India–EU Summit on 27 January 2026 and the conclusion of negotiations of the India–EU Free Trade Agreement which would elevate ties to a new level by enhancing market access, reducing trade barriers, and strengthening economic security and resilience through diversified value chains and new market opportunities.

They also reaffirmed their support for strengthening the India–EU Trade and Technology Council as a key platform for cooperation in trade, critical technologies, and economic security. The leaders welcomed the India–EU Security and Defence Partnership and appreciated progress in mobility cooperation, including the MoU on a Comprehensive Framework for Mobility.

Multilateral Cooperation

Both Leaders stressed the urgent need to reform the United Nations to make it more representative and suited to present-day realities.

Both Leaders emphasized the importance of working together in the United Nations and other global platforms including G20 to protect multilateralism and uphold a rules-based international order.

Recognizing the strategic priority both countries attach to Africa, the two Prime Ministers agreed to work together in trilateral initiatives with African partners in areas such as Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI), agriculture, education, healthcare, artificial intelligence, connectivity and infrastructure and renewable energy in line with India’s development partnership in Africa and Italy’s Mattei Plan.

The Leaders reaffirmed their shared commitment to a free, open, peaceful and prosperous Indo-Pacific, in line with international law, including UNCLOS. They look forward to their continued partnership in Science and Technology and Academic cooperation pillar of Indo-Pacific Ocean Initiatives.

Both leaders expressed deep concern over the situation in the West Asia/the Middle East and its effects in the region as well as the rest of the world. The leaders welcomed the ceasefire announced on 8 April 2026 and underlined the importance of de-escalation, dialogue and diplomacy for a lasting peace in the West Asia/the Middle East. They also called for freedom of navigation and the resumption of global flows through Strait of Hormuz.

Both leaders expressed concern over the ongoing war in Ukraine, which continues to cause immense human suffering and negative global consequences. They agreed to continue to support efforts towards the achievement of a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in Ukraine through dialogue and diplomacy, in accordance with the international law and the principles of the UN Charter.

Conclusion

Noting the impressive growth and deepening of India-Italy Special Strategic Partnership, the two leaders reaffirmed their commitment to further expand cooperation across all sectors and continue close high-level consultations on key global and regional developments.

Prime Minister Modi thanked Prime Minister Meloni for the warm hospitality extended by the Government and the people of the Italian Republic and invited Prime Minister Meloni to visit India at a mutually convenient time.