PM Modi, Bangladesh PM hold virtual bilateral meeting

Published By : Admin | December 17, 2020 | 11:03 IST
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Bangladesh continues to be one of the significant pillars of India’s ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy: PM Modi
Matter of pride for me to release a digital exhibition on Mahatma Gandhi and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. They continue to inspire our youths: PM

1. H.E. Shri Narendra Modi, Prime Minister of the Republic of India and H.E. Sheikh Hasina, Prime Minister of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh held a Summit in virtual format on 17 December 2020. Both sides held comprehensive discussions on all aspects of bilateral relations, and exchanged views on regional and international issues.

India-Bangladesh partnership

2. Both Prime Ministers expressed satisfaction over the current state of bilateral relations based on shared bonds of history, culture, language, and other unique commonalities that characterize the partnership. They emphasized that relations between Bangladesh and India are based on fraternal ties and reflective of an all-encompassing partnership based on sovereignty, equality, trust and understanding that transcends a strategic partnership. They paid solemn tribute to the martyrs of the Liberation War of Bangladesh, the Muktijoddhas and the Indian soldiers, for their great sacrifices in 1971. They vowed to uphold and protect the cherished values of democracy and equality in line with the aspirations of the people of the two friendly countries.

3. The two leaders expressed satisfaction on the progress of various decisions taken during the official visit of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina to Delhi in October 2019. Both sides also recalled the successful holding of the Sixth Meeting of the Joint Consultative Commission held in September 2020.

Cooperation in Health Sector- addressing the global public health challenge

4. Both sides exchanged views on the situation of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in their respective countries and expressed satisfaction at the manner in which sustained engagement between the two countries has been maintained during this ongoing crisis. Reiterating the highest priority India attaches to Bangladesh under India’s Neighbourhood First Policy, Prime Minister Narendra Modi assured that vaccines would be made available to Bangladesh as and when produced in India. Both leaders also noted the ongoing bilateral collaboration between the private sector in this area.

5. India also offered collaboration in therapeutics and partnership in vaccine production. Bangladesh appreciated India’s conducting capacity building courses for medical professionals in Bangla language.

Cultural Cooperation - Joint Celebration of Historical Links

6. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina deeply appreciated the warm gesture of India in organizing various events on the occasion of ongoing ‘Mujib Borsho’. The two Prime Ministers jointly unveiled a commemorative postal stamp issued by the Government of India on the occasion of birth centenary of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Prime Minister Narendra Modi thanked the Government of Bangladesh for issuing a stamp in honour of Mahatma Gandhi on the occasion of Gandhiji’s 150th birth anniversary celebrations earlier in September 2020.

7. An introductory video on the digital exhibition to commemorate the two great leaders of the 20th century, Mahatma Gandhi and Bangabandhu, was also screened on this occasion. Both leaders expressed hope that the exhibition, to be mounted in various cities of Bangladesh and India and in selected cities worldwide, as well as at the United Nations, will inspire values of justice, equality and non-violence, particularly amongst the youth.

8. Both sides noted that the filming of the biopic on Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, under the direction of Indian film director Shyam Benegal will commence in January 2021.

9. Noting that the year 2021 will be historic in India Bangladesh bilateral relations as they would be commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of the Liberation War and the establishment of diplomatic relations between India and Bangladesh, it was agreed to jointly organize several activities to commemorate these two epochal events in India, Bangladesh and third countries.

10. Bangladesh Prime Minister requested the Indian side to consider Bangladesh’s proposal to name the historic road from Mujib Nagar to Nodia on Bangladesh-India border as "Shadhinota Shorok” commemorating the historic significance of the road during Bangladesh’s Liberation War.

11. Both sides reiterated to continue regular exchanges of groups to promote culture, education, science and technology, youth and sports and mass media.

Border Management and Security Cooperation

12. Both sides agreed to hold an early meeting of the Joint Boundary Conference to prepare a new set of strip maps along the stretch of Icchamati, Kalindi, Raimongol and the Hariabhanga Rivers from Main Pillar 1 to Land Boundary terminus, with a view to finalizing the delineation of the boundaries as fixed. It was agreed to carry out necessary work to convert the International Boundary along Kuhsiyara river into a fixed boundary.

13. Bangladesh side reiterated the request for 1.3 km Innocent Passage through river route along River Padma near Rajshahi District. The Indian side assured to consider the request.

14. Both leaders agreed to facilitate completion of border fencing at all pending sectors at the international border between both the countries at the earliest beginning from the Tripura (India)- Bangladesh sector. Both leaders also agreed that loss of civilian lives at the border is a matter of concern and directed the border forces concerned to enhance coordinate measures to work towards bringing such border incidents to zero.The leaders stressed on full implementation of the ongoing Coordinated Border Management Plan. Both sides noted with satisfaction the recent stepped-up efforts of the two border guarding forces against smuggling of arms, narcotics and fake currency and to prevent trafficking, particularly of women and children.

15. Noting that Bangladesh and India were prone to frequent natural disasters, the two leaders directed officials on both sides to expeditiously conclude the MoU in the area of disaster management cooperation.

16. Recognizing that terrorism remains a threat to global peace and security, both sides reiterated their strong commitment to eliminating terrorism in all its forms and manifestations.

17. Both sides emphasized simplifying people to people movement between the two countries. Bangladesh side requested for early implementation of India’s commitment to remove remaining restrictions on entry/ exit from land ports in India for Bangladeshis travelling on valid documents in a phased manner, beginning with checkpoints at Akhaura (Tripura) and Ghojadanga (West Bengal).

Trade Partnership for Growth

18. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina appreciated the Duty Free and Quota Free access given to Bangladeshi exports to India under SAFTA since 2011. Both Prime Ministers emphasized on addressing issues of non-tariff barriers and trade facilitation including port restrictions, procedural bottlenecks and quarantine restrictions so that both countries can take full advantage of SAFTA flexibility. The Bangladesh side requested that as India’s export of essential commodities to Bangladesh are an important factor influencing their domestic market, any amendments in export-import policy of the Government of India may be conveyed in advance. The Indian side took note of this request.

19. Both the leaders commended trade and railway officials for the cooperation shown in maintaining uninterrupted supply chains during COVID-19, including facilitating bilateral trade through existing rail routes, using side-door container and parcel trains.

20. Recognizing the immense potential of bilateral economic and commercial ties, both Prime Ministers directed the officials to expeditiously conclude the ongoing joint study on the prospects of entering into a bilateral Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA).

21. Welcoming the first meeting of the India-Bangladesh Textile Industry Forum, earlier this year, the leaders emphasized the importance of increased linkages and collaboration in the textile sector and directed the officials to conclude the ongoing negotiations on the MOU between Ministry of Textiles, Government of India and Ministry of Textiles and Jute, Government of Bangladesh at the earliest. They welcomed the consultations on anti-dumping/anti-circumvention duties imposed on export of jute products from Bangladesh to India held recently and expressed hope that the issues related to ADD will be resolved expeditiously.

Connectivity for Prosperity

22. The two Prime Ministers noted with satisfaction the continued progress made towards the restoration of pre-1965 railway linkages between both nations. They jointly inaugurated the newly restored railway link between Haldibari (India) and Chilahati (Bangladesh) and noted that this rail link will further strengthen trade and people to people ties between the two sides. It was decided to operationalize the train as and when the COVID situation improves.

23. The two leaders took stock of the ongoing bilateral connectivity measures and welcomed the recent initiatives including the signing of the second addendum to the Protocol on Inland Water Transit and Trade (PIWTT), trial run of trans-shipment of Indian goods from Kolkata to Agartala via Chattogram and operationalization of Sonamura-Daudkandi Protocol route under the PIWTT. Both the leaders agreed to expeditiously operationalise trans-shipment of Indian goods through Chattogram and Mongla Ports.

24. To facilitate better connectivity and simplify movement of passengers and goods between both the countries, both leaders agreed to an early operationalization of the BBIN Motor Vehicles Agreement through expeditious signing of the Enabling MoU for Bangladesh, India and Nepal to commence the movement of goods and passengers, with provision for Bhutan to join at a later date.

25. Bangladesh Prime Minister expressed keen interest in the ongoing India Myanmar Thailand trilateral highway project and sought support of India for enabling Bangladesh to connect with this project with a view to enhance connectivity between the regions of South and South East Asia. In the same spirit, the Indian side requested Bangladesh to allow connectivity from West Bengal (Hilli) to Meghalaya (Mahendraganj) via Bangladesh.

26. India reiterated its request to the Government of Bangladesh of having at least one Land Port with minimal negative list between the each neighbouring states of India and Bangladesh, beginning with Agartala-Akhaura. Bangladesh side proposed that Bangladeshi trucks avail of the Feni Bridge, once completed, for transportation of goods from Chattogram port to the North East of India.

27. Acknowledging the vibrant development partnership between the two countries, both sides stressed on active operationalization of the recently-constituted High Level Monitoring Committee headed by Secretary, Economic Relations Division from Bangladesh and the High Commissioner of India in Dhaka to regularly review the progress of the LOC Projects for their early completion.

28. Both sides noted with satisfaction the commencement of a temporary Air Travel Bubble between the two sides to facilitate the urgent requirements of travellers on both sides during the COVID-19 pandemic. Bangladesh side also requested the Indian side to resume regular travel through land ports at the earliest

Cooperation in Water Resources, Power and Energy:

29. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina highlighted the need for early signing of interim agreement for sharing of the Teesta waters, as agreed upon by both the governments in 2011. Prime Minister Narendra Modi reiterated India’s sincere commitment and continued efforts of the Government of India in that regard.

30. The two leaders underscored the need for early conclusion of Framework of Interim Agreement on sharing of waters of six joint rivers, namely, Manu, Muhuri, Khowai, Gumti, Dharla and Dudhkumar.

31. Bangladesh side requested the Indian side to inform its concerned border authorities to allow excavation work of the remaining portion of the Rahimpur Khal for utilization of Kushiyara River waters for irrigation purposes. The Indian side was also requested to provide early concurrence on the proposed MoU to be signed between the two countries for monitoring the withdrawal of water from the Kushiyara River by both the sides, pending signing of the Treaty/Agreement regarding sharing of water of the Kushiyara River. The two leaders recalled the positive contribution of the Joint Rivers Commission and looked forward to the next round of Secretarial level JRC meeting at the earliest.

32. Both sides expressed satisfaction at the robust cooperation in the power and energy sector, including between the private sector. It was agreed to expedite implementation of projects including India-Bangladesh Friendship Pipeline, Maitree Super Thermal Power Project as well as other projects. Both sides welcomed the signing of the Framework of Understanding on Cooperation in the Hydrocarbon Sector which would further augment energy linkages by streamlining investments, technology transfer, joint studies, training and promoting hydrocarbon connectivity. It was also agreed to enhance cooperation in energy efficiency and clean energy, including in biofuels.In line with commitment of both countries to move towards green, clean, renewable sources of energy, it was agreed to strengthen subregional cooperation including with Nepal and Bhutan. Both sides also agreed to strengthen cooperation in the area of power and energy connectivity.

Forcibly Displaced Persons from the Rakhine State of Myanmar

33. Prime Minister Narendra Modi appreciated the generosity of Bangladesh in sheltering and providing humanitarian assistance to the 1.1 million forcibly displaced persons from the Rakhine State of Myanmar. Both Prime Ministers reiterated the importance of their safe, speedy and sustainable return. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina congratulated India on its election as a member of the United Nations Security Council. She expressed Bangladesh’s expectation to see India assist in the repatriation of the forcibly displaced Rohingyas back to Myanmar.

Partners in the Region and the World

34. Prime Minister Narendra Modi thanked Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina for supporting India in its election to the United Nations Security Council. Both countries agreed to continue working together towards achieving early reforms of the UN Security Council, combating climate change, attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and protection of the rights of migrants. Both Prime Ministers reaffirmed the need for developed countries to fulfill their commitments under the Global Partnership for ensuring the means of implementation of the SDGs as enshrined in the Agenda 2030.

35. Both leaders highlighted that given the regional and global economic scenarios following the outbreak of COVID 19, regional organisations, such as SAARC and BIMSTEC have an important role to play. Bangladesh Prime Minister thanked the Indian Prime Minister for convening the SAARC leaders Video Conference in March 2020 in the outbreak of COVID-19. She also thanked the Indian Prime Minister for proposing creation of the SAARC Emergency Response Fund to counter effects of the global pandemic in the South Asian region. Bangladesh Prime Minister also reiterated the proposal for establishment of a SAARC Medical and Public Health Research Institute and sought support in this regard. Bangladesh will assume chairmanship of the IORA in 2021 and requested the support of India for working towards greater maritime safety and security. Prime Minister Modi appreciated the Presidency of Bangladesh at the Climate Vulnerable Forum in the current tenure.

36. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina appreciated the work of the New Development Bank and thanked India for inviting Bangladesh to join the Institution. She welcomed the work of the Bank in multiple sectors including infrastructure development and expressed Bangladesh’s willingness to be a part of the initiative.

Signing of Bilateral Documents and Inauguration of Projects

37. On this occasion, the following bilateral documents were signed and exchanged by the officials of the Governments of India and Bangladesh:

тЦк Framework of Understanding (FOU) on Cooperation in Hydrocarbon Sector;
тЦк Protocol on Trans-boundary Elephant Conservation;
тЦк MOU regarding Indian Grant Assistance for Implementation of High Impact Community Development Projects (HICDPs) through Local Bodies and other Public Sector Institutions;
тЦк MOU on Supply of Equipment and Improvement of Garbage / Solid Waste Disposal Ground at Lamchori Area for Barishal City Corporation;
тЦк Terms of Reference of India-Bangladesh CEOs Forum;
тЦк MoU between Father of the Nation Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Memorial Museum, Dhaka, Bangladesh and the National Museum, New Delhi, India; and
тЦк MoU on Cooperation in the field of Agriculture.

The following bilateral development partnership projects were also inaugurated:

• Beautification and city development project in Rajshahi City;
• Construction of Khalishpur Collegiate Girl’s School in Khulna;

38. Both the Prime Ministers thanked each other for making this arrangement amidst the new normal.

39. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina thanked Prime Minister Narendra Modi for accepting her invitation to visit Bangladesh in person in March 2021 to join the celebrations on the occasion of 50th anniversary of Bangladesh’s Independence and 50 years of Bangladesh-India diplomatic relations.

Click here to read full text speech

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Tamil Nadu has been a bastion of Indian nationalism: PM Modi
May 27, 2023
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“Tamil Nadu has been a bastion of Indian nationalism”
“Under the guidance of Adheenam and Raja Ji we found a blessed path from our sacred ancient Tamil Culture - the path of transfer of power through the medium of Sengol”
“In 1947 Thiruvaduthurai Adheenam created a special Sengol. Today, pictures from that era are reminding us about the deep emotional bond between Tamil culture and India's destiny as a modern democracy”
“Sengol of Adheenam was the beginning of freeing India of every symbol of hundreds of years of slavery”
“it was the Sengol which conjoined free India to the era of the nation that existed before slavery”
“The Sengol is getting its deserved place in the temple of democracy”

рдирдЕрдиреИрд╡рд░реБрдХреНрдХреБрдореН рд╡рдгрдХреНрдХрдореН

рдКрдБ рдирдо: рд╢рд┐рд╡рд╛рдп, рд╢рд┐рд╡рд╛рдп рдирдо:!

рд╣рд░ рд╣рд░ рдорд╣рд╛рджреЗрд╡!

рд╕рдмрд╕реЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ, рд╡рд┐рднрд┐рдиреНрди рдЖрджреАрдирдореН рд╕реЗ рдЬреБрдбрд╝реЗ рдЖрдк рд╕рднреА рдкреВрдЬреНрдп рд╕рдВрддреЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рдореИрдВ рд╢реАрд╢ рдЭреБрдХрд╛рдХрд░ рдЕрднрд┐рдирдВрджрди рдХрд░рддрд╛ рд╣реВрдВред рдЖрдЬ рдореЗрд░реЗ рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд╕ рд╕реНрдерд╛рди рдкрд░ рдЖрдкрдХреЗ рдЪрд░рдг рдкрдбрд╝реЗ рд╣реИрдВ, рдпреЗ рдореЗрд░реЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдмрд╣реБрдд рд╕реМрднрд╛рдЧреНрдп рдХреА рдмрд╛рдд рд╣реИред рдпреЗ рднрдЧрд╡рд╛рди рд╢рд┐рд╡ рдХреА рдХреГрдкрд╛ рд╣реИ рдЬрд┐рд╕рдХреА рд╡рдЬрд╣ рд╕реЗ рдореБрдЭреЗ рдПрдХ рд╕рд╛рде рдЖрдк рд╕рднреА рд╢рд┐рд╡ рднрдХреНрддреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рджрд░реНрд╢рди рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдореМрдХрд╛ рдорд┐рд▓рд╛ рд╣реИред рдореБрдЭреЗ рдЗрд╕ рдмрд╛рдд рдХреА рднреА рдмрд╣реБрдд рдЦреБрд╢реА рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдХрд▓ рдирдП рд╕рдВрд╕рдж рднрд╡рди рдХреЗ рд▓реЛрдХрд╛рд░реНрдкрдг рдХреЗ рд╕рдордп рдЖрдк рд╕рднреА рд╡рд╣рд╛рдВ рд╕рд╛рдХреНрд╖рд╛рдд рдЖрдХрд░ рдХреЗ рдЖрд╢реАрд░реНрд╡рд╛рдж рджреЗрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рд╣реИрдВред

рдкреВрдЬреНрдп рд╕рдВрддрдЧрдг,

рд╣рдо рд╕рднреА рдЬрд╛рдирддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░рддрд╛ рд╕рдВрдЧреНрд░рд╛рдо рдореЗрдВ рддрдорд┐рд▓рдирд╛рдбреБ рдХреА рдХрд┐рддрдиреА рдорд╣рддреНрд╡рдкреВрд░реНрдг рднреВрдорд┐рдХрд╛ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИред рд╡реАрд░рдордВрдЧрдИ рд╡реЗрд▓реБ рдирд╛рдЪрд┐рдпрд╛рд░ рд╕реЗ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдорд░реБрджреБ рднрд╛рдЗрдпреЛрдВ рддрдХ, рд╕реБрдмреНрд░рд╣реНрдордгреНрдп рднрд╛рд░рддреА рд╕реЗ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдиреЗрддрд╛рдЬреА рд╕реБрднрд╛рд╖ рдЪрдВрджреНрд░ рдмреЛрд╕ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдЬреБрдбрд╝рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рдЕрдиреЗрдХреЛрдВ рддрдорд┐рд▓ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рддрдХ, рд╣рд░ рдпреБрдЧ рдореЗрдВ рддрдорд┐рд▓рдирд╛рдбреБ, рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рд░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░рд╡рд╛рдж рдХрд╛ рдЧрдврд╝ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИред рддрдорд┐рд▓ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рджрд┐рд▓ рдореЗрдВ рд╣рдореЗрд╢рд╛ рд╕реЗ рдорд╛рдВ рднрд╛рд░рддреА рдХреА рд╕реЗрд╡рд╛ рдХреА, рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреЗ рдХрд▓реНрдпрд╛рдг рдХреА рднрд╛рд╡рдирд╛ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИред рдмрд╛рд╡рдЬреВрдж рдЗрд╕рдХреЗ, рдпреЗ рдмрд╣реБрдд рджреБрд░реНрднрд╛рдЧреНрдпрдкреВрд░реНрдг рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреА рдЖрдЬрд╛рджреА рдореЗрдВ рддрдорд┐рд▓ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдпреЛрдЧрджрд╛рди рдХреЛ рд╡реЛ рдорд╣рддреНрд╡ рдирд╣реАрдВ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛, рдЬреЛ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдП рдерд╛ред рдЕрдм рдмреАрдЬреЗрдкреА рдиреЗ рдЗрд╕ рд╡рд┐рд╖рдп рдХреЛ рдкреНрд░рдореБрдЦрддрд╛ рд╕реЗ рдЙрдард╛рдирд╛ рд╢реБрд░реВ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИред рдЕрдм рджреЗрд╢ рдХреЗ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рднреА рдкрддрд╛ рдЪрд▓ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдорд╣рд╛рди рддрдорд┐рд▓ рдкрд░рдВрдкрд░рд╛ рдФрд░ рд░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░рднрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдкреНрд░рддреАрдХ рддрдорд┐рд▓рдирд╛рдбреБ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдХреНрдпрд╛ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╣рд╛рд░ рд╣реБрдЖ рдерд╛ред

рдЬрдм рдЖрдЬрд╛рджреА рдХрд╛ рд╕рдордп рдЖрдпрд╛, рддрдм рд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рд╣рд╕реНрддрд╛рдВрддрд░рдг рдХреЗ рдкреНрд░рддреАрдХ рдХреЛ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдкреНрд░рд╢реНрди рдЙрдард╛ рдерд╛ред рдЗрд╕рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рджреЗрд╢ рдореЗрдВ рдЕрд▓рдЧ-рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдкрд░рдВрдкрд░рд╛рдПрдВ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИрдВред рдЕрд▓рдЧ-рдЕрд▓рдЧ рд░реАрддрд┐-рд░рд┐рд╡рд╛рдЬ рднреА рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВред рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдЙрд╕ рд╕рдордп рд░рд╛рдЬрд╛рдЬреА рдФрд░ рдЖрджреАрдирдореН рдХреЗ рдорд╛рд░реНрдЧрджрд░реНрд╢рди рдореЗрдВ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдЕрдкрдиреА рдкреНрд░рд╛рдЪреАрди рддрдорд┐рд▓ рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐ рд╕реЗ рдПрдХ рдкреБрдгреНрдп рдорд╛рд░реНрдЧ рдорд┐рд▓рд╛ рдерд╛ред рдпреЗ рдорд╛рд░реНрдЧ рдерд╛- рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓ рдХреЗ рдорд╛рдзреНрдпрдо рд╕реЗ рд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рд╣рд╕реНрддрд╛рдВрддрд░рдг рдХрд╛ред рддрдорд┐рд▓ рдкрд░рдВрдкрд░рд╛ рдореЗрдВ, рд╢рд╛рд╕рди рдЪрд▓рд╛рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рдХреЛ рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рдерд╛ред рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓ рдЗрд╕ рдмрд╛рдд рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рддреАрдХ рдерд╛ рдХрд┐ рдЙрд╕реЗ рдзрд╛рд░рдг рдХрд░рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдкрд░ рджреЗрд╢ рдХреЗ рдХрд▓реНрдпрд╛рдг рдХреА рдЬрд┐рдореНрдореЗрджрд╛рд░реА рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рд╡реЛ рдХрднреА рдХрд░реНрддрд╡реНрдп рдХреЗ рдорд╛рд░реНрдЧ рд╕реЗ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд▓рд┐рдд рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛ред рд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рд╣рд╕реНрддрд╛рдВрддрд░рдг рдХреЗ рдкреНрд░рддреАрдХ рдХреЗ рддреМрд░ рдкрд░ рддрдм 1947 рдореЗрдВ рдкрд╡рд┐рддреНрд░ рддрд┐рд░реБрд╡рд╛рд╡рдбреБрддреБрд░реИ рдЖрджреАрдирдореН рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдПрдХ рд╡рд┐рд╢реЗрд╖ рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓ рддреИрдпрд╛рд░ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛ рдерд╛ред рдЖрдЬ рдЙрд╕ рджреМрд░ рдХреА рддрд╕реНрд╡реАрд░реЗрдВ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдпрд╛рдж рджрд┐рд▓рд╛ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рддрдорд┐рд▓ рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐ рдФрд░ рдЖрдзреБрдирд┐рдХ рд▓реЛрдХрддрдВрддреНрд░ рдХреЗ рд░реВрдк рдореЗрдВ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреА рдирд┐рдпрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмреАрдЪ рдХрд┐рддрдирд╛ рднрд╛рд╡реБрдХ рдФрд░ рдЖрддреНрдореАрдп рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдз рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИред рдЖрдЬ рдЙрди рдЧрд╣рд░реЗ рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдзреЛрдВ рдХреА рдЧрд╛рдерд╛ рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕ рдХреЗ рджрдмреЗ рд╣реБрдП рдкрдиреНрдиреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ рдирд┐рдХрд▓рдХрд░ рдПрдХ рдмрд╛рд░ рдлрд┐рд░ рдЬреАрд╡рдВрдд рд╣реЛ рдЙрдареА рд╣реИред рдЗрд╕рд╕реЗ рдЙрд╕ рд╕рдордп рдХреА рдШрдЯрдирд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЛ рд╕рдордЭрдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╣реА рджреГрд╖реНрдЯрд┐рдХреЛрдг рднреА рдорд┐рд▓рддрд╛ рд╣реИред рдФрд░ рдЗрд╕рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рд╣реА, рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдпреЗ рднреА рдкрддрд╛ рдЪрд▓рддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рд╣рд╕реНрддрд╛рдВрддрд░рдг рдХреЗ рдЗрд╕ рд╕рдмрд╕реЗ рдмрдбрд╝реЗ рдкреНрд░рддреАрдХ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдХреНрдпрд╛ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛ред

рдореЗрд░реЗ рджреЗрд╢рд╡рд╛рд╕рд┐рдпреЛрдВ,

рдЖрдЬ рдореИрдВ рд░рд╛рдЬрд╛рдЬреА рдФрд░ рд╡рд┐рднрд┐рдиреНрди рдЖрджреАрдирдореН рдХреА рджреВрд░рджрд░реНрд╢рд┐рддрд╛ рдХреЛ рднреА рд╡рд┐рд╢реЗрд╖ рддреМрд░ рдкрд░ рдирдорди рдХрд░реВрдВрдЧрд╛ред рдЖрджреАрдирдо рдХреЗ рдПрдХ рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓ рдиреЗ, рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреЛ рд╕реИрдХрдбрд╝реЛрдВ рд╡рд░реНрд╖реЛрдВ рдХреА рдЧреБрд▓рд╛рдореА рдХреЗ рд╣рд░ рдкреНрд░рддреАрдХ рд╕реЗ рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рджрд┐рд▓рд╛рдиреЗ рдХреА рд╢реБрд░реБрдЖрдд рдХрд░ рджреА рдереАред рдЬрдм рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреА рдЖрдЬрд╛рджреА рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рдердо рдкрд▓ рдЖрдпрд╛, рдЖрдЬрд╛рджреА рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рдердо рдкрд▓, рд╡реЛ рдХреНрд╖рдг рдЖрдпрд╛, рддреЛ рдпреЗ рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓ рд╣реА рдерд╛, рдЬрд┐рд╕рдиреЗ рдЧреБрд▓рд╛рдореА рд╕реЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рдХрд╛рд▓рдЦрдВрдб рдФрд░ рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреЗ рдЙрд╕ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рдкрд▓ рдХреЛ рдЖрдкрд╕ рдореЗрдВ рдЬреЛрдбрд╝ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛ред рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП, рдЗрд╕ рдкрд╡рд┐рддреНрд░ рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓ рдХрд╛ рдорд╣рддреНрд╡ рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рдЗрддрдирд╛ рд╣реА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдпреЗ 1947 рдореЗрдВ рд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рд╣рд╕реНрддрд╛рдВрддрд░рдг рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рддреАрдХ рдмрдирд╛ рдерд╛ред рдЗрд╕ рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓ рдХрд╛ рдорд╣рддреНрд╡ рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рднреА рд╣реИ рдХреНрдпреЛрдВрдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕рдиреЗ рдЧреБрд▓рд╛рдореА рдХреЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рдЧреМрд░рд╡рд╢рд╛рд▓реА рднрд╛рд░рдд рд╕реЗ, рдЙрд╕рдХреА рдкрд░рдВрдкрд░рд╛рдУрдВ рд╕реЗ, рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреЗ рднрд╡рд┐рд╖реНрдп рдХреЛ рдХрдиреЗрдХреНрдЯ рдХрд░ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛ред рдЕрдЪреНрдЫрд╛ рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рдХрд┐ рдЖрдЬрд╛рджреА рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж рдЗрд╕ рдкреВрдЬреНрдп рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓ рдХреЛ рдкрд░реНрдпрд╛рдкреНрдд рдорд╛рди-рд╕рдореНрдорд╛рди рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛, рдЗрд╕реЗ рдЧреМрд░рд╡рдордпреА рд╕реНрдерд╛рди рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ред рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдпреЗ рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓, рдкреНрд░рдпрд╛рдЧрд░рд╛рдЬ рдореЗрдВ, рдЖрдирдВрдж рднрд╡рди рдореЗрдВ, Walking Stick рдпрд╛рдирд┐ рдкреИрджрд▓ рдЪрд▓рдиреЗ рдкрд░ рд╕рд╣рд╛рд░рд╛ рджреЗрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рдЫрдбрд╝реА рдХрд╣рдХрд░, рдкреНрд░рджрд░реНрд╢рдиреА рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд░рдЦ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛ рдерд╛ред рдЖрдкрдХрд╛ рдпреЗ рд╕реЗрд╡рдХ рдФрд░ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░, рдЕрдм рдЙрд╕ рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓ рдХреЛ рдЖрдирдВрдж рднрд╡рди рд╕реЗ рдирд┐рдХрд╛рд▓рдХрд░ рд▓рд╛рдИ рд╣реИред рдЖрдЬ рдЖрдЬрд╛рджреА рдХреЗ рдЙрд╕ рдкреНрд░рдердо рдкрд▓ рдХреЛ рдирдП рд╕рдВрд╕рдж рднрд╡рди рдореЗрдВ рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓ рдХреА рд╕реНрдерд╛рдкрдирд╛ рдХреЗ рд╕рдордп рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдлрд┐рд░ рд╕реЗ рдкреБрдирд░реНрдЬреАрд╡рд┐рдд рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдореМрдХрд╛ рдорд┐рд▓рд╛ рд╣реИред рд▓реЛрдХрддрдВрддреНрд░ рдХреЗ рдордВрджрд┐рд░ рдореЗрдВ рдЖрдЬ рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓ рдХреЛ рдЙрд╕рдХрд╛ рдЙрдЪрд┐рдд рд╕реНрдерд╛рди рдорд┐рд▓ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИред рдореБрдЭреЗ рдЦреБрд╢реА рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЕрдм рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреА рдорд╣рд╛рди рдкрд░рдВрдкрд░рд╛ рдХреЗ рдкреНрд░рддреАрдХ рдЙрд╕реА рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓ рдХреЛ рдирдП рд╕рдВрд╕рдж рднрд╡рди рдореЗрдВ рд╕реНрдерд╛рдкрд┐рдд рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдПрдЧрд╛ред рдпреЗ рд╕реЗрдВрдЧреЛрд▓ рдЗрд╕ рдмрд╛рдд рдХреА рдпрд╛рдж рджрд┐рд▓рд╛рддрд╛ рд░рд╣реЗрдЧрд╛ рдХрд┐ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдХрд░реНрддрд╡реНрдп рдкрде рдкрд░ рдЪрд▓рдирд╛ рд╣реИ, рдЬрдирддрд╛-рдЬрдирд╛рд░реНрджрди рдХреЗ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐ рдЬрд╡рд╛рдмрджреЗрд╣ рдмрдиреЗ рд░рд╣рдирд╛ рд╣реИред

рдкреВрдЬреНрдп рд╕рдВрддрдЧрдг,

рдЖрджреАрдирдо рдХреА рдорд╣рд╛рди рдкреНрд░реЗрд░рдХ рдкрд░рдВрдкрд░рд╛, рд╕рд╛рдХреНрд╖рд╛рдд рд╕рд╛рддреНрд╡рд┐рдХ рдКрд░реНрдЬрд╛ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рддреАрдХ рд╣реИред рдЖрдк рд╕рднреА рд╕рдВрдд рд╢реИрд╡ рдкрд░рдВрдкрд░рд╛ рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреБрдпрд╛рдпреА рд╣реИрдВред рдЖрдкрдХреЗ рджрд░реНрд╢рди рдореЗрдВ рдЬреЛ рдПрдХ рднрд╛рд░рдд рд╢реНрд░реЗрд╖реНрда рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреА рднрд╛рд╡рдирд╛ рд╣реИ, рд╡реЛ рд╕реНрд╡рдпрдВ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреА рдПрдХрддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЕрдЦрдВрдбрддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдмрд┐рдВрдм рд╣реИред рдЖрдкрдХреЗ рдХрдИ рдЖрджреАрдирдореН рдХреЗ рдирд╛рдореЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рд╣реА рдЗрд╕рдХреА рдЭрд▓рдХ рдорд┐рд▓ рдЬрд╛рддреА рд╣реИред рдЖрдкрдХреЗ рдХреБрдЫ рдЖрджреАрдирдореН рдХреЗ рдирд╛рдо рдореЗрдВ рдХреИрд▓рд╛рд╢ рдХрд╛ рдЙрд▓реНрд▓реЗрдЦ рд╣реИред рдпреЗ рдкрд╡рд┐рддреНрд░ рдкрд░реНрд╡рдд, рддрдорд┐рд▓рдирд╛рдбреБ рд╕реЗ рдмрд╣реБрдд рджреВрд░ рд╣рд┐рдорд╛рд▓рдп рдореЗрдВ рд╣реИ, рдлрд┐рд░ рднреА рдпреЗ рдЖрдкрдХреЗ рд╣реГрджрдп рдХреЗ рдХрд░реАрдм рд╣реИред рд╢реИрд╡ рд╕рд┐рджреНрдзрд╛рдВрдд рдХреЗ рдкреНрд░рд╕рд┐рджреНрдз рд╕рдВрддреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рд╕реЗ рдПрдХ рддрд┐рд░реБрдореВрд▓рд░реН рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд╡реЛ рдХреИрд▓рд╛рд╢ рдкрд░реНрд╡рдд рд╕реЗ рд╢рд┐рд╡ рднрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рд╕рд╛рд░ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рддрдорд┐рд▓рдирд╛рдбреБ рдЖрдП рдереЗред рдЖрдЬ рднреА, рдЙрдирдХреА рд░рдЪрдирд╛ рддрд┐рд░реБрдордиреНрджрд┐рд░рдореН рдХреЗ рд╢реНрд▓реЛрдХреЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рдкрд╛рда рднрдЧрд╡рд╛рди рд╢рд┐рд╡ рдХреА рд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдореЗрдВ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИред рдЕрдкреНрдкрд░реН, рд╕рдореНрдмрдиреНрджрд░реН, рд╕реБрдиреНрджрд░рд░реН рдФрд░ рдорд╛рдгрд┐рдХреНрдХрд╛ рд╡рд╛рд╕рдЧрд░реН рдЬреИрд╕реЗ рдХрдИ рдорд╣рд╛рди рд╕рдВрддреЛрдВ рдиреЗ рдЙрдЬреНрдЬреИрди, рдХреЗрджрд╛рд░рдирд╛рде рдФрд░ рдЧреМрд░реАрдХреБрдВрдб рдХрд╛ рдЙрд▓реНрд▓реЗрдЦ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИред рдЬрдирддрд╛ рдЬрдирд╛рд░реНрджрди рдХреЗ рдЖрд╢реАрд░реНрд╡рд╛рдж рд╕реЗ рдЖрдЬ рдореИрдВ рдорд╣рд╛рджреЗрд╡ рдХреА рдирдЧрд░реА рдХрд╛рд╢реА рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╛рдВрд╕рдж рд╣реВрдВ, рддреЛ рдЖрдкрдХреЛ рдХрд╛рд╢реА рдХреА рдмрд╛рдд рднреА рдмрддрд╛рдКрдВрдЧрд╛ред рдзрд░реНрдордкреБрд░рдо рдЖрджреАрдирдореН рдХреЗ рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рдореА рдХреБрдорд╛рд░рдЧреБрд░реБрдкрд░рд╛ рддрдорд┐рд▓рдирд╛рдбреБ рд╕реЗ рдХрд╛рд╢реА рдЧрдП рдереЗред рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЛрдВрдиреЗ рдмрдирд╛рд░рд╕ рдХреЗ рдХреЗрджрд╛рд░ рдШрд╛рдЯ рдкрд░ рдХреЗрджрд╛рд░реЗрд╢реНрд╡рд░ рдордВрджрд┐рд░ рдХреА рд╕реНрдерд╛рдкрдирд╛ рдХреА рдереАред рддрдорд┐рд▓рдирд╛рдбреБ рдХреЗ рддрд┐рд░реБрдкреНрдкрдирдиреНрджрд╛рд│реН рдореЗрдВ рдХрд╛рд╢реА рдорда рдХрд╛ рдирд╛рдо рднреА рдХрд╛рд╢реА рдкрд░ рд░рдЦрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛ рд╣реИред рдЗрд╕ рдорда рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдПрдХ рджрд┐рд▓рдЪрд╕реНрдк рдЬрд╛рдирдХрд╛рд░реА рднреА рдореБрдЭреЗ рдкрддрд╛ рдЪрд▓реА рд╣реИред рдХрд╣рд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рддрд┐рд░реБрдкреНрдкрдирдиреНрджрд╛рд│реН рдХрд╛ рдХрд╛рд╢реА рдорда, рддреАрд░реНрдердпрд╛рддреНрд░рд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдмреИрдХрд┐рдВрдЧ рд╕реЗрд╡рд╛рдПрдВ рдЙрдкрд▓рдмреНрдз рдХрд░рд╛рддрд╛ рдерд╛ред рдХреЛрдИ рддреАрд░реНрдердпрд╛рддреНрд░реА рддрдорд┐рд▓рдирд╛рдбреБ рдХреЗ рдХрд╛рд╢реА рдорда рдореЗрдВ рдкреИрд╕реЗ рдЬрдорд╛ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж рдХрд╛рд╢реА рдореЗрдВ рдкреНрд░рдорд╛рдгрдкрддреНрд░ рджрд┐рдЦрд╛рдХрд░ рд╡реЛ рдкреИрд╕реЗ рдирд┐рдХрд╛рд▓ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рдерд╛ред рдЗрд╕ рддрд░рд╣, рд╢реИрд╡ рд╕рд┐рджреНрдзрд╛рдВрдд рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреБрдпрд╛рдпрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдиреЗ рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рд╢рд┐рд╡ рднрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рд╕рд╛рд░ рд╣реА рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдмрд▓реНрдХрд┐ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдПрдХ рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рдХреЗ рдХрд░реАрдм рд▓рд╛рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдХрд╛рд░реНрдп рднреА рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ред

рдкреВрдЬреНрдп рд╕рдВрддрдЧрдг,

рд╕реИрдХрдбрд╝реЛрдВ рд╡рд░реНрд╖реЛрдВ рдХреА рдЧреБрд▓рд╛рдореА рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж рднреА рддрдорд┐рд▓рдирд╛рдбреБ рдХреА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐ рдЖрдЬ рднреА рдЬреАрд╡рдВрдд рдФрд░ рд╕рдореГрджреНрдз рд╣реИ, рддреЛ рдЗрд╕рдореЗрдВ рдЖрджреАрдирдореН рдЬреИрд╕реА рдорд╣рд╛рди рдФрд░ рджрд┐рд╡реНрдп рдкрд░рдВрдкрд░рд╛ рдХреА рднреА рдмрдбрд╝реА рднреВрдорд┐рдХрд╛ рд╣реИред рдЗрд╕ рдкрд░рдВрдкрд░рд╛ рдХреЛ рдЬреАрд╡рд┐рдд рд░рдЦрдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рджрд╛рдпрд┐рддреНрд╡ рд╕рдВрддрдЬрдиреЛрдВ рдиреЗ рддреЛ рдирд┐рднрд╛рдпрд╛ рд╣реА рд╣реИ, рд╕рд╛рде рд╣реА рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рд╢реНрд░реЗрдп рдкреАрдбрд╝рд┐рдд-рд╢реЛрд╖рд┐рдд-рд╡рдВрдЪрд┐рдд рд╕рднреА рдХреЛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЛрдВрдиреЗ рдЗрд╕рдХреА рд░рдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдХреА, рдЙрд╕реЗ рдЖрдЧреЗ рдмрдврд╝рд╛рдпрд╛ред рд░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдпреЛрдЧрджрд╛рди рдХреЗ рдорд╛рдорд▓реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдЖрдкрдХреА рд╕рднреА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдерд╛рдУрдВ рдХрд╛ рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕ рдмрд╣реБрдд рдЧреМрд░рд╡рд╢рд╛рд▓реА рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИред рдЕрдм рдЙрд╕ рдЕрддреАрдд рдХреЛ рдЖрдЧреЗ рдмрдврд╝рд╛рдиреЗ, рдЙрд╕рд╕реЗ рдкреНрд░реЗрд░рд┐рдд рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рдФрд░ рдЖрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рдкреАрдврд╝рд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдХрд╛рдо рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рд╕рдордп рд╣реИред

рдкреВрдЬреНрдп рд╕рдВрддрдЧрдг,

рджреЗрд╢ рдиреЗ рдЕрдЧрд▓реЗ 25 рд╡рд░реНрд╖реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдХреБрдЫ рд▓рдХреНрд╖реНрдп рддрдп рдХрд┐рдП рд╣реИрдВред рд╣рдорд╛рд░рд╛ рд▓рдХреНрд╖реНрдп рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЖрдЬрд╛рджреА рдХреЗ 100 рд╕рд╛рд▓ рдкреВрд░реЗ рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рддрдХ рдПрдХ рдордЬрдмреВрдд, рдЖрддреНрдордирд┐рд░реНрднрд░ рдФрд░ рд╕рдорд╛рд╡реЗрд╢реА рд╡рд┐рдХрд╕рд┐рдд рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХрд╛ рдирд┐рд░реНрдорд╛рдг рд╣реЛред 1947 рдореЗрдВ рдЖрдкрдХреА рдорд╣рддреНрд╡рдкреВрд░реНрдг рднреВрдорд┐рдХрд╛ рд╕реЗ рдХреЛрдЯрд┐-рдХреЛрдЯрд┐ рджреЗрд╢рд╡рд╛рд╕реА рдкреБрди: рдкрд░рд┐рдЪрд┐рдд рд╣реБрдП рд╣реИрдВред рдЖрдЬ рдЬрдм рджреЗрд╢ 2047 рдХреЗ рдмрдбрд╝реЗ рд▓рдХреНрд╖реНрдпреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдЖрдЧреЗ рдмрдврд╝ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИ рддрдм рдЖрдкрдХреА рднреВрдорд┐рдХрд╛ рдФрд░ рдорд╣рддреНрд╡рдкреВрд░реНрдг рд╣реЛ рдЧрдИ рд╣реИред рдЖрдкрдХреА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдерд╛рдУрдВ рдиреЗ рд╣рдореЗрд╢рд╛ рд╕реЗрд╡рд╛ рдХреЗ рдореВрд▓реНрдпреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рд╕рд╛рдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИред рдЖрдкрдиреЗ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдПрдХ-рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рд╕реЗ рдЬреЛрдбрд╝рдиреЗ рдХрд╛, рдЙрдирдореЗрдВ рд╕рдорд╛рдирддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рднрд╛рд╡ рдкреИрджрд╛ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдмрдбрд╝рд╛ рдЙрджрд╛рд╣рд░рдг рдкреЗрд╢ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИред рднрд╛рд░рдд рдЬрд┐рддрдирд╛ рдПрдХрдЬреБрдЯ рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛, рдЙрддрдирд╛ рд╣реА рдордЬрдмреВрдд рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛ред рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рдкреНрд░рдЧрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рд░рд╛рд╕реНрддреЗ рдореЗрдВ рд░реБрдХрд╛рд╡рдЯреЗрдВ рдкреИрджрд╛ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рддрд░рд╣-рддрд░рд╣ рдХреА рдЪреБрдиреМрддрд┐рдпрд╛рдВ рдЦрдбрд╝реА рдХрд░реЗрдВрдЧреЗред рдЬрд┐рдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреА рдЙрдиреНрдирддрд┐ рдЦрдЯрдХрддреА рд╣реИ, рд╡реЛ рд╕рдмрд╕реЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рдПрдХрддрд╛ рдХреЛ рд╣реА рддреЛрдбрд╝рдиреЗ рдХреА рдХреЛрд╢рд┐рд╢ рдХрд░реЗрдВрдЧреЗред рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдореБрдЭреЗ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡рд╛рд╕ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рджреЗрд╢ рдХреЛ рдЖрдкрдХреА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдерд╛рдУрдВ рд╕реЗ рдЖрдзреНрдпрд╛рддреНрдорд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдФрд░ рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдХреА рдЬреЛ рд╢рдХреНрддрд┐ рдорд┐рд▓ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИ, рдЙрд╕рд╕реЗ рд╣рдо рд╣рд░ рдЪреБрдиреМрддреА рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╛рдордирд╛ рдХрд░ рд▓реЗрдВрдЧреЗред рдореИрдВ рдлрд┐рд░ рдПрдХ рдмрд╛рд░, рдЖрдк рдореЗрд░реЗ рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рдкрдзрд╛рд░реЗ, рдЖрдк рд╕рдмрдиреЗ рдЖрд╢реАрд░реНрд╡рд╛рдж рджрд┐рдпреЗ, рдпреЗ рдореЗрд░рд╛ рд╕реМрднрд╛рдЧреНрдп рд╣реИ, рдореИрдВ рдлрд┐рд░ рдПрдХ рдмрд╛рд░ рдЖрдк рд╕рдмрдХрд╛ рд╣реГрджрдп рд╕реЗ рдЖрднрд╛рд░ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрдд рдХрд░рддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБ, рдЖрдк рд╕рдмрдХреЛ рдкреНрд░рдгрд╛рдо рдХрд░рддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБред рдирдП рд╕рдВрд╕рдж рднрд╡рди рдХреЗ рд▓реЛрдХрд╛рд░реНрдкрдг рдХреЗ рдЕрд╡рд╕рд░ рдкрд░ рдЖрдк рд╕рдм рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рдЖрдП рдФрд░ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдЖрд╢реАрд░реНрд╡рд╛рдж рджрд┐рдпрд╛ред рдЗрд╕рд╕реЗ рдмрдбрд╝рд╛ рд╕реМрднрд╛рдЧреНрдп рдХреЛрдИ рд╣реЛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рдореИрдВ рдЬрд┐рддрдирд╛ рдзрдиреНрдпрд╡рд╛рдж рдХрд░реВрдБ, рдЙрддрдирд╛ рдХрдо рд╣реИред рдлрд┐рд░ рдПрдХ рдмрд╛рд░ рдЖрдк рд╕рдмрдХреЛ рдкреНрд░рдгрд╛рдо рдХрд░рддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБред

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