Ramnad Gundu Milagaai or Mundu chillies have recently received a GI tag from IP India for their unique nature and restricted geographical area of origin. The Mundu Chilly Producer Company Limited applied for the GI tag in 2020. Mundu Chillies are round-shaped chillies grown in the Ramanathapuram district (Tamilnadu) belonging to the species Capisicumannum L with a fruit size length of 6-8 cm. It is a prevalent spice in south Indian cuisine and a food colourant with dark shiny, and thick skin. According to ancestral records, Mundu Chilli has been cultivated in the region for over two centuries. It has been famous for its taste and aroma in the entire chilli markets of Tamil Nadu ever since. Etymologically, the word Mundu Milagai originates in Tamil. The term “Mundu” means “fat and round”. The Mundu chilli is grown as a direct sown rainfed crop with low inputs. Therefore, the mundu chilli is produced only in specific geographical areas of the Ramanathapuram district, including Tiruvadanai, Rajasinga Mangalam, Mudukulathur, Kadaladi and Kamuthi taluks. This type of chilli is not found anywhere else in the State. At the same time, black cotton soil of saline and alkaline nature with a pH of 6-7.5 and the hot tropical climate in this region gives them their unique organoleptic and physical characteristics. Their special morphological and physiochemical characteristics: 1. Fruit length (without stalk): 1.8- 2.8 cm; Diameter: 2.1 -3 cm: Pericarp thickness: 0.67 mm. 2. The outer skin texture: smooth, dark shiny and thick, not wrinkled 3. Scoville scale Pungency: 17,500 SHU 4. ASTA colour value: 37.4 5. The Oleoresin content of fruit is 14.86 %/w. 6. The ASTA colour value is about 37.4. Besides chillies, cotton is grown mainly in this region as an inter-crop. Since the year 2015, organic agriculture has increased in the area steadily to the extent that today export of organic chillies is a growing trend. Lack of irrigation, non-desilting of natural waterbodies and lack of adequate knowledge of organic farming are a few of the endemic problems addressed today by interventions of the central and State governments. On the other hand, individuals like Ramar- an organic cultivator & exporter, who leads an organic farming cooperative and heads the Bharatiya Janata Party’s Kisan morcha, are leading a change in the region by encouraging farmers to grow organically and providing them with necessary resources.